To see the phase relationships between driving voltage and driven current in such a circuit at, below, and above the resonance frequency. Ac circuits laboratory report experiment 4 series rlc circuit. The output of input impedance of series rlc tank circuit. The parallel rlc circuit is the exact opposite to the series circuit we looked at in the previous tutorial although some of the previous concepts and equations still apply. Once the capacitor is discharged, the inductor resists any change in the. Figure 1 shows a driven rlc circuit where vo is the. Again we will do this by placing a charge on the capacitor since there is a resistor in the circuit now there will be losses as the energy passes through the resistor.
Rlc series circuit introduction the objective of this experiment is to study the behavior of an rlc series circuit subject to an ac input voltage. A sinusoidal voltage is applied individually to a resistor, a capacitor, and an inductor. In effect, you have made a potential divider using a resistor the 100k whose resistance. Use pspice to determine i 1, i 2, i 3, and vo in figure 1 at f 1khz and f 10khz. Frequency response of resonant rlc circuit here will find the voltage across the resistor, vr, as a function of frequency, for the rlc circuit shown in figure 112. An rlc circuit consists of a resistor with resistance, an inductor with inductance, and a capacitor with capacitance. The circuit should reach steady state very quickly, in much less than one second. Ac circuits rlc circuit introduction an inductor l is an important component of circuits, on the same level as resistors r and capacitors c. Note, currents are measured indirectly by measuring the voltage across an. An rc circuit can be used to make some crude filters like lowpass, highpass and bandpass filters. It is also very commonly used as damper circuits in analog applications.
Adjust the oscilloscope to obtain each of the patterns shown in figure 3. Record the experimental inductor voltage in table 1. Eytan modiano slide 4 state of rlc circuits voltages across capacitors vt currents through the inductors it capacitors and inductors store energy memory in stored energy state at time t depends on the state of the system prior to time t need initial conditions to solve for the system state at future times e. Parallel rlc circuit and rlc parallel circuit analysis. These include as buffers on large transmission lines to reduce energy surges, on a smaller scale.
To show the three equivalent response of a series rlc circuit ii. The resonant rlc circuits are connected in series and parallel. Series rlc circuits wolfram demonstrations project. The student will measure the circuit current, the voltages. Figure 1 shows a driven rlc circuit where vo is the applied sinusoidal voltage from the function generator and v. The current in an rlc series circuit is determined by the differential equation. The name of the circuit is derived from the letters that are used to denote the constituent components of this circuit, where. However, the analysis of a parallel rlc circuits can be a little more mathematically difficult than for series rlc circuits so in this. Rc rlc filters and labview description and background in this lab you will a manipulate instruments manually to determine the inputoutput characteristics of an rc filter, and then b use an instrument control system called labview made by national instruments, inc.
The internal resistance of the function generator will affect the damping of an rlc circuit to which it is connected. The voltage through an rlc series circuit will be measured as a function of frequency for a fixed applied voltage. First, the generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption of electric energy occur under essentially sinusoidal steadystate conditions. The voltage v in volts and current in milliamperes ma are shown in the plot over. Rlc circuit no generator like the lc circuit some energy must initially be placed in this circuit since there is no battery to drive the circuit. Circuits laboratory experiment 5 circuits containing inductance 5.
This laboratory is about studying resonance in rlc series and parallel circuits. Rlc natural response derivation our mission is to provide a free, worldclass education to anyone, anywhere. Circuits laboratory experiment 3 ac circuit analysis 3. Construct the rlc filter with r 10k, c 1uf and l 10mh and connect the.
Rcrlc filters and labview description and background in this lab you will a manipulate instruments manually to determine the inputoutput characteristics of an rc filter, and then b use an instrument control system called. Procedure y assemble the circuit shown in figure 5. Construct the circuit shown in figure 1 and measure i 1, i 2, i 3 and vo. Using ni multisim to design and simulate rlc series. Chapter 21 2 voltage and current in rlc circuits iac emf source. Rc, rl and rlc circuits 2 procedure to learn how to operate the oscilloscope and function generator, set the function generator for square wave output and connect the generator to the vertical input of the oscilloscope. Before examining the driven rlc circuit, lets first consider the simple cases where only one circuit element a resistor, an inductor or a capacitor is connected to a sinusoidal voltage source.
This paper presents the remote experiment serial and parallel rlc circuit. This can be verified using the simulator by creating the above mentioned parallel lcr circuit and by measuring the current and voltage across the inductor, capacitor and resistor. All the initial variables and values are remained the same. The circuit can be thought of as being in two parts. This experiment will be used to examine the sinusoidal frequency response of the series and parallel to see at what frequency the current through an rlc series becomes or the voltage across a parallel rlc circuit reaches maximum value.
Calculate i 1, i 2, i 3 and vo for the circuit shown in figure 1 for f 1khz and f 10khz. The transient behavior of rc circuits is also tested. The v o voltage on the resistor is proportional to the series rlc circuit current. The v o voltage on the resistor is proportional to the series rlc circuit. In the execution of the experiment, highest benefit is gained if someone can distinguish. Using 12 switches, different connections between a resistor, an inductor and a. In both cases, it was simpler for the actual experiment to replace the battery and switch with a signal generator producing a square wave. An rlc circuit is an electrical circuit consisting of a resistor r, an inductor l, and a capacitor c, connected in series or in parallel. In the experiment will plot these quantities, and you will find a resonance, as shown in figure 114. The rc circuit resistor capacitor circuit will consist of a capacitor and a resistor connected either in series or parallel to a voltage or current source.
Repeat the experiment using for the series resonant circuitry in figure 3, and use l 33mh and c 0. An rlc circuit is an electrical circuit it consists of a resistor, inductor, and capacitor they are represented by the letters r, l and c. Instead of analysing each passive element separately, we can combine all three together into a series rlc circuit. There is an exact analogy between an rlc circuit and a harmonic oscillator mass attached to spring. With both an inductor and capacitor in the same circuit, an lrc circuit essentially acts as a bandpass filter, a filter that only allows a narrow range of frequencies to pass. An inductor l is an important component of circuits, on the same level as resistors r and capacitors. Theory overview the dc steady state response of rl and rc circuits are essential opposite of each other. The text shows that if we start with the battery connected to the lr circuit, after a long time the current reaches a steadystate value, i 0 v 0 r. P517617 lec4, p5 there is an exact analogy between an rlc circuit and a harmonic oscillator mass attached to spring. Jun 18, 2016 rlc circuit in simulinksimpowersystem.
The properties of the resonant circuit can be examined using this arrangement because the impedance of a resonant circuit is frequency dependent. Richard feynman 19181988 objectives to observe free and driven oscillations of an rlc circuit. An rlc circuit aka resonant circuit or tuned circuit is an electrical circuit. If it is set by your instructor, use the moodle course. The name rlc circuit is derived from the starting letter from the components of resistance, inductor, and capacitor. Ac circuits rlc circuit introduction an inductor l is an important component of circuits, on the same level as resistors r and the capacitors c. To observe free and driven oscillations of an rlc circuit. The response of a series lrc circuit is examined at driving frequencies above, below, and at the resonant frequency.
We are now ready to introduce one of the most important components of a radio, the ac lrc circuit. The complete solution for examining the response of a series lrc circuit with various driving frequencies. The circuit has two initial conditions that must be satisfied, so the solution for vt must have two constants. Using ni multisim to design and simulate rlc series resonance. In a series rlc circuit containing a resistor, an inductor and a capacitor the source voltage v s is the phasor sum made up of three components, v r, v l and v c with the current common to all three. Next, plot the total input of the series resonant rlc tank circuit. Discharge of a capacitor procedure y assemble the circuit shown in figure 5 function generator. Write another function to calculate the total input current of series rlc tank circuit as shown in figure 3. Experiment 10 rlc series circuit resonance in an rlc series circuit objective.
To measure the resonance frequency and the quality factor of a driven rlc circuit by creating a resonance frequency response curve. A rlc circuit as the name implies will consist of a resistor, capacitor and inductor connected in series or parallel. This is an rlc circuit, which is an oscillating circuit consisting of a resistor, capacitor, and inductor connected in series. The circuit forms an oscillator circuit which is very commonly used in radio receivers and televisions.
Pdf lab 8 rlc resonance margaret wettergreen academia. The name of the circuit is derived from the letters that are used to denote the constituent components of this circuit, where the sequence of the components may vary from rlc. To determine the quality factor q of an rlc circuit. Copy and paste the link address wherever it is asked. Similarly, v crms is the rms voltage across the capacitor. It doesnt matter how beautiful your theory is, it doesnt matter how smart you are. Since the current is common to all three components it is used as the horizontal reference when constructing a voltage triangle.
In this demonstration, the amplitude is set to 10 volts v. Lets continue the exploration of the frequency response of rlc circuits by investigating the series rlc circuit shown on figure 1. Solve rlc circuit for i 1t and i 2t using the node or loop method we will use node method in our examples note that the equations at e 1 and e 2 give us i 1 and i 2 directly in terms of e 1, e 2, e 3 also note that v 1 e 1 and v 2 e 2 equation at e 3 gives e 3 in terms of e 1 and e 2 we. You can vary the frequency in hz, the resistance in ohms, the inductance in millihenries mh, and the capacitance in microfarads. The inductor is based on the principle of inductance that moving charges create a magnetic eld the reverse is also true a moving magnetic eld creates an electric eld. Also, compute and record the percent deviation between experimental and theory in table 1. The effective impedance of the circuit is nothing more than r, and the current drawn from the source is in phase with the voltage. Circuits laboratory experiment 3 ac circuit analysis. Rlc circuits it doesnt matter how beautiful your theory is, it doesnt matter how smart you are. To observe the net effect of the reactance within the series rlc circuit. Rc, rl and rlc circuit basic principle and circuit. The series rlc resonance circuit introduction thus far we have studied a circuit involving a 1 series resistor r and capacitor c circuit as well as a 2 series resistor r and inductor l circuit. Introduction free oscillations in lc and rlc circuits for purposes of clarity, these experiment instructions will use lowercase letters, qt and it to denote timevarying circuit quantities.
The analysis of a series rlc circuit is the same as that for the dual series r l and r c circuits we looked at previously, except this time we need to take into account the magnitudes of both x l and x c to find the overall circuit reactance. A model circuit with an inductor and resistor if we call t 0 the time when we suddenly throw the switch to remove the battery. The frequency for which the rms voltage attains a maximum. To experimentally determine the resonance frequency in a series rlc circuit and compare this to the expected resonance value. Rlc natural response intuition article khan academy. These types of circuits are also called as rc filters or rc networks since they are most commonly used in filtering applications. Series rlc circuits consist of a resistance, a capacitance and an inductance connected in series across an alternating supply. For the simple parallel rlc circuit shown in gure 5 this is just equal to the rms supply voltage but for the series rlc circuit it is given by a potential divider rule. V rc, rl and rlc circuits v university of michigan. An illustrative example is given with spice simulation. Pdf this article explains the analysis of series rlc circuit driven by a step voltage input. To determine the impedance of a series rlc circuit used in ac application. The resonance property of a first order rlc circuit.
This complete solution is designed for use with pasco capstone software. Natural response of parallel rlc circuits the problem given initial energy stored in the inductor andor capacitor, find vt for t. As a single, lumped element, inductors find many uses. Index terms remote experiment, rlc circuit, phasor. Voltage and current in rlc circuits iac emf source. Rc, rl and rlc circuit basic principle and circuit explanations. In both cases, it was simpler for the actual experiment to replace the battery and switch with a signal generator.
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